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铜仁高考补习学校高三补习班高考复读班~沿海学校

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<HEAD>铜仁市沿海高考高三补习复读学校~电话：13595697110</HEAD>

铜仁高考补习界的奇迹

--铜仁市沿海高考高三补习复读学校创造的教育神话

沿海学校化平淡为神奇，成为高考补习奇迹魔法师，读书乐园，成为梦想起飞的乐土。

沿海一向以事实说话：

一．从12年至今，连续8年本科上线人数在市内补习学校中夺冠。一本上线人数也是沿海最多。这是最重要的；

沿海学校在铜仁市内补习学校中，

14年高考，沿海包揽了市内补习学校中的全部理科一本。

15年高考，沿海包揽了市内补习学校中全部文理科一本；

16年高考，市内补习学校中，沿海本科上线人数夺冠。

17年高考，沿海包揽了市内补习学校中全部文理科一本。

18，19年高考本科上线数在市内补习学校中卫冕连胜。

二．牟奕同学--北京大学；

牟奕经过拼搏，上升了80多分，成为铜仁状元，贵州省文科第二名，刷新了铜仁市教育记录，创造了铜仁市补习学校中的绝无仅有的一个北京大学的奇迹。

三. 无数学子考入985,211高校及无数重点高校；

陈曦--中国政法大学; 刘学--四川大学; 田祖稳--福州大学;

郭继红--中南大学冯驰骋，梁明全--西藏大学，姚茂花--华东理工大学，

田绍红东北林业大学，蒋秀红--江南大学，周朝文，陈应--大连海事大学，

杜飞舟--辽宁大学，叶亮--宁夏大学，文爽--延边大学

邓津，田茂印，田超-- 石河子大学；冯浪--上海第二工业大学

杨坤---江苏科技大学邵兴国--兰州交通大学田群芬--天津中医药大学

陈旭钗-广东医科大学黄星向---北京科技大学胡亚飞--北京科技大学

安旭青-华东政法大学李俊---东北电力大学杨杰---东北石油大学

......

四．.沿海许多学子考上分数接近600分的师范类最高学府--国家公费师范大学：也都是985，211高校：

沿海创造了“同班三西南”同届四个免费师范大学的奇迹，同班有三位学子--曾柏平，

安正琴和张金和同时考入西南大学国家公费师范大学;

龙洁、裴国江、吴增旭、朱昌海等等考入西南大学公费师范大学；

游德锐同学考入华中师范大学师范大学公费师范生；

吴优同学考入华东师范大学公费师范生；

......

五．跃升幅度特大，达200多分的不胜枚举。

1. 松桃学子罗时勇，上升206分，考入江苏科技大学

2. 沿河学子罗璇上升205分，考入沈阳大学

3. 松桃乌罗镇吴优上升202分，考入华东师范大学。

4. 松桃甘龙镇陈胜同学，上升212分，考入贵州工程应用技术大学

5. 碧江区邮电局家属区代尚坤同学上升218分，考入江西师范大学

6. 松桃世昌乡学子田绍红同学上升216分，考入211高校-东北林业大学

7. 沿河学子黎旭涛上升205分，考入贵州医科大学

8. 沿河谯家镇学子张力山上升201分，考入湖北师范大学

9. 沿河夹石镇学子何海兵上升201分，考入211高校贵州大学

10. 松桃盘信镇学子欧阳敏上升213分，考入211高校贵州大学，并且创造理科转文奇迹。

11. 万山区周家的胡连杰同学上升300分，考上铜仁学院，创上升幅度最大记录。

......不胜枚举。

六.一家几个孩子同时在沿海考上理想大学的是常有的事。

1.万山区刘丽琴和刘宇菁一家两姊妹同时在沿海考上重庆工商大学（一本）。

2.松桃孟溪镇刘青考入西华师范大学，其妹刘菁同时考入贵州师范大学。

3.碧江区阳光家苑的龙丹同学考入贵州财经大学（一本），其妹龙庆考入黔南民族师范学院。

4.沿河谯家镇涂鹏程考入黔南民族师范学院，其弟涂杰同时考入铜仁师范学院。

5.沿河思渠镇田海媚--贵州民族大学（一本），田海娟--武汉科技大学

6.松桃县唐雷--贵州师范大学，唐达--铜仁学院

7.松桃县普觉镇杨慧同学考入贵州师范大学，其妹杨孟萍考入温州大学。

8.松桃县正大乡叶婷婷，叶金铜姐妹俩先后考上遵义医科大学。

9.松桃大路乡张爱民考上新疆师范大学，其弟张爱兵考上西安外国语学院。

10.沿河县土地坳镇文双考上211大学延边大学，其叔文利东考上天津理工大学

11.印江廖家家庭--“四廖”全部在沿海考上大学：

廖宇--山西财经大学廖波--常州大学廖猛--安顺学院廖院琴--安顺学院

......

这些学子和家庭对沿海的信任，沿海也不辱使命，改变了这些家庭的命运。

七. “零基础补习”上一本--创造了中国高考奇迹--沿海绝唱。

1.沿河板场镇孙少林同学高中未读过，在社会打工三年，补习考上--上海海洋大学（一本）。

2.沿河和平镇陈赛兰同学未读高中，在沿河县做幼师三年，补习考上--贵州民族大学（一本）

八. 无数的打工仔打工妹回到沿海补习考上梦想大学，实现华丽转身。沿海是让丑小鸭变成白天鹅的神奇魔法大师。

江口县刘贵平同学，在江浙打工10年，自己的孩子5岁，还来到我校补习，考上贵州民族大学。成为江口县和贵州民族大学校园佳话。

松桃龙胜飞同学，打工8年，补习考上湖北汽车工业学院

松桃杨浩同学，打工6年，考上贵州理工学院

万山区茶店镇舒风刀，打工6年，回沿海补习，考上贵阳中医药大学（一本）

德江刘学同学，打工2年，考入985,211高校--四川大学（一本）

松桃周朝文同学，打工3年，补习考入211高校--大连海事大学（一本）

石阡吴林同学，打工3年，回来补习，考上一本--大连民族大学（一本）

沿河周世豪同学打工2年，在沿海补习，考上贵州警官学院。

......

这么多学子考上高端的大学，事实证明了沿海学校优秀的教育质量

极强的高考教研和开发能力。User-Agent: Baiduspider
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英语“四大板块”，轻松搞定高考

·国家级翻译资格证书获得者

．国家人力资源高级管理师
·沿海教育精粹班英语主讲教师
·从教18年，带领众多考生步入名校英语专业殿堂
·2011年考前所写作文命中高考作文题
·“无语法”英语创始人

期中将至，曹老师根据多年教学经验，为孩子们整理出了几点需要注意的地方，希望同学们复习的时候有侧重点，按照老师要求做，高分英语不是梦！

一、语法部分要把动词时态，非谓语动词，从句和虚拟语气作为复习重点，仔细分析错因，建立属于自己的思维导图。
二、完形部分为了准确的还原残缺信息，复习做题时首先要通过断句提高对句子结构的分析能力；其次要注意对上下文动词，名词或形容词的呼应；最后平时要建立积累本查抄常考词汇的英文释义及其搭配，以准确理解词义。
三、阅读部分复习做题时主旨题要注意总结各段段意，提炼中心词，细节题做题时要注意对段落的分层，高清逻辑关系。总之，要找到问题，出处及其选项的匹配度。

四、写作部分要从课内外阅读中积累常见情景作文场面和开放作文立意的词汇搭配,并进行段落创作练习。

最后，送给同学们一句话：Give full play to your potential for a better grade.

下面把这个中学的语法简化陈易记的表格与各位沿海学子共享：

语法网络图

一．名词

I. 名词的种类：

专有名词	普通名词
国名地名人名，团体机构名称	可数名词		不可数名词
国名地名人名，团体机构名称	个体名词	集体名词	抽象名词	物质名词

II. 名词的数：

1. 规则名词的复数形式：

名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：

规则			例词
1	一般情况在词尾加-s		map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days
2	以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es		class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes
3	以-f或-fe结尾的词	变-f和-fe为v再加-es	leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives
		加-s	belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs
4	以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es		party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities
5	以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-s		toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys
6	以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词	一般加-es	hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes
		不少外来词加-s	piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos
		两者皆可	zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos
7	以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s		radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos
8	以-th结尾的名词加-s		truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,

2. 不规则名词复数：

英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：

规则			例词
1	改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式		man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice
2	单复数相同		sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin,
3	只有复数形式		ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents
4	一些集体名词总是用作复数		people, police, cattle, staff
5	部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）		audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party
6	复数形式表示特别含义		customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜), ruins(废墟)
7	表示“某国人”	加-s	Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans
		单复数同形	Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese
		以-man或-woman结尾的改为-men,-women	Englishmen, Frenchwomen
8	合成名词	将主体名词变为复数	sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends
		无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数	grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches
		将两部分变为复数	women singers, men servants

III. 名词的所有格：

名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。

1. ’s所有格的构成：

单数名词在末尾加’s		the boy’s father, Jack’s book, her son-in-law’s photo,
复数名词	一般在末尾加’	the teachers’ room, the twins’ mother,
	不规则复数名词后加’s	the children’s toys, women’s rights,
以s结尾的人名所有格加’s或者’		Dickens’ novels, Charles’s job, the Smiths’ house
表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加’s		Japan’s and America’s problems, Jane’s and Mary’s bikes
表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加’s		Japan and America’s problems, Jane and Mary’s father
表示＂某人家＂＂店铺＂，所有格后名词省略		the doctor’s, the barber’s, the tailor’s, my uncle’s

2. ’s所有格的用法：

１	表示时间	today’s newspaper, five weeks’ holiday
2	表示自然现象	the earth’s atmosphere, the tree’s branches
3	表示国家城市等地方的名词	the country’s plan, the world’s population, China’s industry
4	表示工作群体	the ship’s crew, majority’s view, the team’s victory
5	表示度量衡及价值	a mile’s journey, five dollars’ worth of apples
6	与人类活动有特殊关系的名词	the life’s time, the play’s plot
7	某些固定词组	a bird’s eye view, a stone’s throw, at one’s wit’s end(不知所措)

3. of所有格的用法：

用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book

用于有生命的东西，尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students

用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed

二．冠词

冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。

I. 不定冠词的用法：

1	指一类人或事，相当于a kind of	A plane is a machine that can fly.
2	第一次提及某人某物，非特指	A boy is waiting for you.
3	表示“每一”相当于every，one	We study eight hours a day.
4	表示“相同”相当于the same	We are nearly of an age.
5	用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事	A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out That boy is rather a Lei Feng.
6	用于固定词组中	A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time
7	用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后	This room is rather a big one.
8	用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后	She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.

II. 定冠词的用法：

1	表示某一类人或物	The horse is a useful animal.
2	用于世上独一无二的事物名词前	the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean
3	表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事	Would you mind opening the door?
4	用于乐器前面	play the violin, play the guitar
5	用于形容词和分词前表示一类人	the reach, the living, the wounded
6	表示“一家人”或“夫妇”	the Greens, the Wangs
7	用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前	He is the taller of the two children.
8	用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前	the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French
9	用于表示发明物的单数名词前	The compass was invented in China.
10	在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代	in the 1990’s
11	用于表示单位的名词前	I hired the car by the hour.
12	用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前	He patted me on the shoulder.

III. 零冠词的用法：

1	专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前	Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air
2	名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制	I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?
3	季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前	March, Sunday, National Day, spring
4	表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前	Lincoln was made President of America.
5	学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前	He likes playing football/chess.
6	与by连用表示交通工具的名词前	by train, by air, by land
7	以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时	husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night
8	表示泛指的复数名词前	Horses are useful animals.

三．代词：

I. 代词可以分为以下七大类：

1	人称代词	主格	I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they
		宾格	me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them
2	物主代词	形容词性	my, your, his, her, its, our, their
		名词性	mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
3	反身代词		myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
4	指示代词		this, that, these, those, such, some
5	疑问代词		who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever
6	关系代词		that, which, who, whom, whose, as
7	不定代词		one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little,
			other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either

II. 不定代词用法注意点：

1. one, some与any:

1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，复数为ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑问句和否定句。

One should learn to think of others.

Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks.

I have some questions to ask.

2) some可用于疑问句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答复，或者表示建议，请求等。

Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money?

3) some 和any修饰可数名词单数时，some表示某个，any表示任何一个。

I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any.

4) some和数词连用表示“大约”，any可与比较级连用表示程度。

There are some 3,000 students in this school. Do you feel any better today?

2. each和every:

each强调个别，代表的数可以是两个或两个以上，而every强调整体，所指的数必须是三个或三个以上。

Each student has a pocket dictionary. / Each (of us) has a dictionary. / We each have a dictionary.

Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points.

3. none和no：

no等于not any，作定语。none作主语或宾语，代替不可数名词，谓语用单数，代替可数名词，谓语单复数皆可以。

There is no water in the bottle.

How much water is there in the bottle? None.

None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.

4. other和another:

1) other泛指“另外的，别的”常与其他词连用，如：the other day, every other week, some other reason, no other way,

the other特指两者中的另外一个，复数为the others。如：

He held a book in one hand and his notes in the other.

Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.

2) another指“又一个，另一个”无所指，复数形式是others，泛指“别的人或事”如：

I don’t like this shirt, please show me another (one).

The trousers are too long, please give me another pair / some others.

Some like football, while others like basketball.

5. all和both, neither和either

all表示不可数名词时，其谓语动词用单数。both和all加否定词表示部分否定，全部否定用neither和none.

All of the books are not written in English. / Not all of the books are written in English.

Both of us are not teachers. / Not both of us are teachers. / Either of us is a teacher.

四．形容词和副词

I. 形容词：

1. 形容词的位置：

1) 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：

1	修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时	nobody absent, everything possible
2	以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后	the best book available, the only solution possible
3	alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep等可以后置	the only person awake
4	和空间、时间、单位连用时	a bridge 50 meters long
5	成对的形容词可以后置	a huge room simple and beautiful
6	形容词短语一般后置	a man difficult to get on with

2) 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序：

代词

数词

性状形容词

冠词前的形容词

冠词

指示代词

不定代词

代词所有格

序数词

基数词

性质

状态

大小

长短

形状

新旧

温度

颜色

国籍

产地

材料

质地

名词

all

both

such

the

this

another

your

second

one

four

beautiful

good

poor

large

short

square

new

cool

black

yellow

Chinese

London

silk

stone

用ｏｐｓｈａｃｏｍ顺序即：观点；形状；颜色；出处；材料．

或用县官形令色国才即：限定词，冠词；形状，年龄；颜色；国籍（出处）；材料．的顺序．

3) 复合形容词的构成：

1	形容词+名词+ed	kind-hearted	6	名词+形容词	world-famous
2	形容词+形容词	dark-blue	7	名词+现在分词	peace-loving
3	形容词+现在分词	ordinary-looking	8	名词+过去分词	snow-covered
4	副词+现在分词	hard-working	9	数词+名词+ed	three-egged
5	副词+过去分词	newly-built	10	数词+名词	twenty-year

II. 副词

副词的分类：

1	时间副词	soon, now, early, finally, once, recently	5	频度副词	always, often, frequently, seldom, never
2	地点副词	here, nearby, outside, upwards, above	6	疑问副词	how, where, when, why
3	方式副词	hard, well, fast, slowly, excitedly, really	7	连接副词	how, when, where, why, whether, however, meanwhile
4	程度副词	almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite, rather	8	关系副词	when, where, why

III. 形容词和副词比较等级：

形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级，比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est，多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。

1. 同级比较时常常用 as…as…以及not so(as)…as…如：I am not so good a player as you are.

2. 可以修饰比较级的词有：much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal。

3. 表示一方随另一方变化时用“the more…the more…”句型。如：The harder you work, the more progress you will make.

4. 用比较级来表达最高级的意思。如：I have never spent a more worrying day.

5. 表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型：

Our school is three times larger than yours./Our school is four times as large as yours./Our school is four times the size of yours.

6. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如：favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect。

五．介词

I. 介词分类：

1	简单介词	about, across, after, against, among, around, at, below, beyond, during, in, on
2	合成介词	inside, into, onto, out of, outside, throughout, upon, within, without
3	短语介词	according to, because of, instead of, up to, due to, owing to, thanks to
4	双重介词	from among, from behind, from under, till after, in between
5	分词转化成的介词	considering(就而论), including
6	形容词转化成的介词	like, unlike, near, next, opposite

II. 常用介词区别：

1	表示时间的in, on, at	at表示片刻的时间，in表示一段的时间，on总是与日子有关
2	表示时间的since, from	since 指从过去到现在的一段时间，和完成时连用，from指从时间的某一点开始
3	表示时间的in, after	in指在一段时间之后，after表示某一具体时间点之后或用在过去时的一段时间中
4	表示地理位置的in, on, to	in表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外
5	表示“在…上”的on, in	on只表示在某物的表面上，in表示占去某物一部分
6	表示“穿过”的through, across	through表示从内部通过，与in有关，across表示在表面上通过，与on有关
7	表示“关于”的about, on	about指涉及到，on指专门论述
8	between与among的区别	between表示在两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间
9	besides与except的区别	besides指“除了…还有再加上”，except指“除了，减去什么”，不放在句首
10	表示“用”的in, with	with表示具体的工具，in表示材料，方式，方法，度量，单位，语言，声音
11	as与like的区别	as意为“作为，以…地位或身份”，like为“象…一样”，指情形相似
12	in与into区别	in通常表示位置（静态），into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置

六．动词

I. 动词的时态：

1. 动词的时态一共有16种，以ask为例，将其各种时态的构成形式列表如下：

	现在时	过去时	将来时	过去将来时
一般	ask / asks	asked	shall/will ask	should/would ask
进行	am/is/are asking	was/were asking	shall/will be asking	should/would be asking
完成	have/has asked	had asked	shall/will have asked	should/would have asked
完成进行	have/has been asking	had been asking	shall/will have been asking	should/would have been asking

2. 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：

1) 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况，但和现在有联系，强调的是对现在造成的影响或结果，它不能同表示过去的时间状语连用，汉译英时可加“已经”等词。简言之，利用过去，说明现在。如：

I have already read the novel written by the world-famous writer. (已经看过，且了解这本书的内容)

2) 一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态，和现在无关，它可和表示过去的时间状语连用，汉译英时可加“过”，“了”等词。简言之，仅谈过去，不关现在。如：

I read the novel last month. (只说明上个月看了，不涉及现在是否记住)

I lived in Beijing for ten years.（只说明在北京住过十年，与现在无关）

3. 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别：

两者都可以表示“从过去开始一直持续到现在”，在含义上如着重表示动作的结果时，多用现在完成时，如着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性时，则多用现在完成进行时。一般不能用于进行时的动词也不能用于现在完成进行时。

I have read that book.我读过那本书了。

I have been reading that book all the morning. 我早上一直在读那本书。

4. 一般将来时的表达方式：

	将来时	用法	例句
1	will/shall+动词原形	表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态	My sister will be ten next year.
2	be going to+动词原形	含有“打算，计划，即将”做某事，或表示很有可能要发生某事	It’s going to clear up. We’re going to have a party tonight.
3	be + doing 进行时表示将来	go, come, start, move, leave, arrive等词可用进行时表示按计划即将发生的动作	He is moving to the south. Are they leaving for Europe?
4	be about to + 动词原形	表示安排或计划中的马上就要发生的动作，后面一般不跟时间状语	I was about to leave when the bell rang. The meeting is about to close.
5	be to + 动词原形	表示按计划进行或征求对方意见	We’re to meet at the school gate at noon.
6	一般现在时表示将来	时刻表上或日程安排上早就定好的事情，可用一般现在时表示将来	The meeting starts at five o’clock. The plane leaves at ten this evening.

II. 动词的被动语态：

	常用被动语态	构成		常用被动语态	构成
1	一般现在时	am/is/are asked	6	过去进行时	was/were being asked
2	一般过去时	was/were asked	7	现在完成时	have/has been asked
3	一般将来时	shall/will be asked	8	过去完成时	had been asked
4	过去将来时	should/would be asked	9	将来完成时	will/would have been asked
5	现在进行时	am/is/are being asked	10	含有情态动词的	can/must/may be asked
注意事项	被动语态的否定式是在第一个助动词或情态动词后加not，短语动词的被动态不可漏掉其中介副词。固定结构be going to, used to, have to, had better变为被动态时，只需将其后的动词变为被动态。如： Trees should not be planted in summer. / The boy was made fun of by his classmates. Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl.
	汉语有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构表示。如： It is believed that… It is generally considered that… It is said that… It is well known that… It must be pointed out that… It is supposed that… It is reported that… It must be admitted that… It is hoped that…
	下面主动形式常表示被动意义：如： The window wants/needs/requires repairing. The book is worth reading twice. The door won’t shut. / The play won’t act. The clothes washes well. / The book sells well. The dish tastes delicious. / Water feels very cold.
	下面词或短语没有被动态： leave, enter, reach, become, benefit, cost, equal, contain, last, lack, fit, fail, have, appear, happen, occur, belong to, take place, break out, come about, agree with, keep up with, consist of, have on, lose heart等等

七．情态动词

I. 情态动词基本用法：

情态动词	用法	否定式	疑问式与简答
can	能力（体力，智力，技能）允许或许可（口语中常用）可能性（表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中）	can not / cannot /can’t do	Can…do…? Yes,…can. No,…can’t.
could	能力（体力，智力，技能）允许或许可（口语中常用）可能性（表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中）	couldn’t do	Can…do…? Yes,…can. No,…can’t.
may	可以（问句中表示请求）可能，或许（表推测）祝愿（用于倒装句中）	may not do	May…do…? Yes,…may. No,…mustn’t/can’t.
might	可以（问句中表示请求）可能，或许（表推测）祝愿（用于倒装句中）	might not do	Might…do…? Yes,…might No,…might not.
must	必须，应该（表主观要求）肯定，想必（肯定句中表推测）	must not/mustn’t do	Must…do…? Yes,…must. No,…needn’t/don’t have to.
have to	只好，不得不（客观的必须，有时态人称变化）	don’t have to do	Do…have to do…? Yes,…do. No,…don’t.
ought to	应当（表示义务责任，口语中多用should	ought not to/oughtn’t to do	Ought…to do…? Yes,…ought. No,…oughtn’t.
shall	将要，会用于一三人称征求对方意见用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁等	shall not/shan’t do	Shall…do…? Yes,…shall. No,…shan’t.
should	应当，应该（表义务责任）本该（含有责备意味）	should not/shouldn’t do	Should…do…?
will	意愿，决心请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委婉	will not/won’t do	Will…do…? Yes,…will. No,…won’t.
would	意愿，决心请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委婉	would not/wouldn’t do	Will…do…? Yes,…will. No,…won’t.
dare	敢（常用于否定句和疑问句中）	dare not/daren’t do	Dare…do…? Yes,…dare. No,…daren’t.
need	需要必须（常用于否定句和疑问句中）	need not/needn’t do	Need…do…? Yes,…must. No,…needn’t.
used to	过去常常（现在已不再）	used not/usedn’t/usen’t to do didn’t use to do	Used…to do…? Yes,…used. No,…use(d)n’t. Did…use to do…? Yes,…did. No,…didn’t.

II. 情态动词must, may, might, could, can表示推测：

以must为例。must + do(be)是推测现在存在的一般状态进行；must + be doing 推测可能正在进行的事情；must +have done是推测可能已经发生过的事情。

1. must“肯定，一定”语气强，只用于肯定句中。

He must be a man from America. / He must be talking with his friend. / He must have already arrived there.

2. may和might“也许”，后者语气弱，更没有把握。可用于肯定句和否定句。

He may not be at home. / They might have finished their task.

3. can和could“可能”，could表示可疑的可能性，不及can’t语气强，用于肯定、否定、疑问句中。

The weather in that city could be cold now.

We could have walked there; it was so near.（推测某事本来可能发生，但实际上没有发生）

Can he be in the office now? No, he can’t be there, for I saw him in the library just now.(语气很强，常用于疑问句和否定句中)

III. 情态动词注意点：

1. can和be able to: 都可以表示能力。但be able to可以表达“某事终于成功”，而can无法表达此意。Be able to有更多的时态。另外，两者不能重叠使用。

2. used to和would: used to表示过去常常做现在已经不再有的习惯，而would只表示过去的习惯或喜好，不涉及现在。

3. need和dare作情态动词和实义动词的区别：

两者作情态动词时常用于否定句和疑问句。其形式为：needn’t/daren’t do；Need/dare…do…?

做实义动词时可用于肯定句，否定句和疑问句。其形式为：need(needs/needed)/dare(dares/dared) to do, don’t(doesn’t/didn’t) need/dare to do

八．非谓语动词

I. 非谓语动词的分类、意义及构成：

非谓语形式		构成				特征和作用
		时态和语态		否定式	复合结构
不定式		to do to be doing to have done	to be done to have been done	在非谓语前加not	for sb. to do sth.	具有名词，副词和形容词的作用在句中做主、宾、定、表和状语
分词	现在分词	doing having done	being done having been done			具有副词和形容词的作用在句中做定、表、宾补和状语
	过去分词	done
动名词		doing having done	being done having been done		sb’s doing	具有名词的作用在句中做主、宾、定和表语

II. 做宾语的非谓语动词比较：

情况		常用动词
只接不定式做宾语的动词		hope, want, offer, long, fail, expect, wish, ask, decide, pretend, manage, agree, afford, determine, promise, happen
只接动名词做宾语的动词或短语		mind, miss, enjoy, imagine, practise, suggest, finish, escape, excuse, appreciate, admit, prevent, keep, dislike, avoid, risk, resist, consider
		can’t help, feel like, succeed in, be fond of, object to, get down to, be engaged in, insist on, think of, be proud of, take pride in, set about, be afraid of, be tired of, look forward to, devote oneself to, be worth, be busy, pay attention to, stick to
两者都可以	意义基本相同	begin, start, like, love, hate, prefer, continue（接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为）
		need, want, require（接动名词主动形式表示被动意义，若接不定式则应用被动形式）
	意义相反	stop to do 停止手中事，去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事
	意义不同	remember/forget/regret to do（指动作尚未发生） remember/forget/regret doing（指动作已经发生）	go on to do（接着做另外一件事） go on doing（接着做同一件事）
		try to do（设法，努力去做，尽力） try doing（试试去做，看有何结果）	mean to do（打算做，企图做） mean doing （意识是，意味着）
		can’t help to do（不能帮忙做） can’t help doing（忍不住要做）

III.非谓语动词做宾语补足语的区别：

	常见动词	与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念	例句
不定式	ask, beg, expect, get, order, tell, want, wish, encourage	主谓关系。强调动作将发生或已经完成	I heard him call me several times.
不定式	have, notice, see, watch, hear, feel, let, make	主谓关系。强调动作将发生或已经完成	I heard him call me several times.
现在分词	notice, see, watch, hear, find, keep, have, feel	主谓关系。强调动作正在进行，尚未完成	I found her listening to the radio.
过去分词	notice, see, watch, hear, find, keep, have, feel	动宾关系。动作已经完成，多强调状态	We found the village greatly changed.

IV. 非谓语动词做定语的区别：

	区别	举例
不定式	与被修饰词往往有动宾关系，一般式表示将来，进行式表示与谓语动作同时发生，完成式表示在谓语动词之前发生	I have a lot of papers to type. I have a lot of papers to be typed.
动名词	通常指被修饰词的用途，无逻辑上的任何关系	Shall we go to the swimming pool?
现在分词	与被修饰词之间是主谓关系，表示动作与谓语动作同时发生	the boiling water / the boiled water the developing country/the developed country the falling leaves / the fallen leaves
过去分词	与被修饰词之间是被动关系，表示动作发生在谓语动作之前，现已经完成

V. 非谓语动词做主语和表语的区别：

	区别	举例
不定式	多表示一个特定的具体的将来的动作，做主语时可以借助于it把不定式移到句子后面。做表语有时可和主语交换位置，而且意义不变，并且还能用what来提问主语或表语。	My dream is to become a teacher. To obey the law is important. (dream, business, wish, idea, plan, duty, task做主语时常用)
动名词	与不定式的功能区别不大，然而它更接近于名词，表示的动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作，有时也可以用it做形式主语，做表语时可以和主语互换位置。	It is no use saying that again and again. Teaching is my job.
分词	无名词的性质，不能做主语。但是有形容词的性质，可以做表语，多表明主语的特征性质或者状态等，可被very, quite, rather等副词修饰。现在分词多含有“令人…”之意，说明主语的性质特征，多表示主动，主语多为物。过去分词一般表示被动或主语所处的状态，含有“感到…”之意，主语多是人。	The situation is encouraging. The book is well written. (常见分词有astonishing, moving, tiring, disappointing, puzzling, shocking, boring, amusing及其-ed形式)

九．定语从句

I. 定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。

关系词		先行词	从句成分	例句	备注
关系代词	who	人	主语	Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?	whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that
	whom	人	宾语	Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working The boy (whom) she loved died in the war..
	whose	人，物	定语	I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.
	that	人，物	主语，宾语	A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.
	which	物	主语，宾语	The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible.
	as	人，物	主语，宾语	He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.	as做宾语一般不省略
关系副词	when	时间	时间状语	I will never forget the day when we met there.	可用on which
	where	地点	地点状语	This is the house where I was born.	可用in which
	why	原因	原因状语	I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.	可用for which

II. that与which, who, whom的用法区别：

情况

用法说明

例句

只用that的情况

1．先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much,等不定代词时。

2．先行词被all, any, every, each, much, little, no, some, few等修饰时

3．先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时

4．先行词既指人又指物时

5．先行词被the only, the very修饰时

6．句中已经有who或which时，为了避免重复时

1.He told me everything that he knows.

2.All the books that you offered has been given out.

3.This is the best film that I have ever read.

4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.

5.He is the only man that I want to see.

6.Who is the man that is making a speech?

只用which, who, whom的情况

1．在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which指代物，用who/whom指人

2．在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人。

3．先行词本身是that时，关系词用which, 先行词为those, one, he时多用who。

He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study.

I like the person to whom the teacher is talking.

Those who respect others are usually respected by others.

III. as与which的区别：

定语从句

区别

例句

限制性定语从句中

名词前有such和the same修饰时，关系代词用as,不能用which

He is not such a fool as he looks.

Don’t read such books as you can’t understand.

非限制性定语从句中

as和which都可以指代前面整个主句。如果有“正如，象”的含义，并可以放在主句前，也可以放在后面，那么用as；而which引导的从句只能放主句后，并无“正如”的意思。

They won the game, as we had expected.

They won the game, which we hadn’t expected.

As is well known, he is a famous film star in the 1980s.

IV. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：

类别	语法意义及特征	例句
限制性定语从句	对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。	The accident happened at the time when I left.
非限制性定语从句	对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开，相当于一个插入语，不能用that引导，关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。	His mother, whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago.

十．名词性从句

种类	作用	常用关联词	例句
主语从句	在复合句中做主语，相当于名词，一般置谓语之前，也可用it作形式主语，主语从句放主句之后	that, whether, if, as if, as though, who, whose, which, how, when, where, why, what, whatever, whoever, wherever	Whether he will come or not doesn’t matter much. Whoever comes here will be welcome.
表语从句	在复合句中做表语，相当于名词，位于系动词之后		It looks as if it is going to snow.
宾语从句	在复合句中做宾语，相当于名词		He asked me which team could win the game.
同位语从句	放在名词之后(news, problem, idea, suggestion, advice, thought, hope, fact等) 表明其具体内容		You have no idea how worried we are. The fact that he lied again greatly surprised us.

十一。状语从句

种类	连接词	注意点
时间状语	when, whenever, while, as, before, after, until, till, by the time, as soon as, hardly…when, no sooner…than, the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, instantly	主句表示将来意义时，从句须用一般现在时；while引导的从句中动词一般是延续性的；until用在肯定句中主句动词是延续性的，而否定句中主句动词为短暂性的。
地点状语	where, wherever
原因状语	because, as, since, now that	because语气最强，since较弱，表示大家都明了的原因，as又次之。
条件状语	if, unless, once, in case, as long as, on condition that	从句中动词时态不可用将来时，常用一般时代替
目的状语	so that, in order that, for fear that	so that和in order that后常接may, should, could, would等情态动词
结果状语	so…that, such…that
比较状语	than, as…as, not so/as…as, the more…the more
方式状语	as if, as though, as	as if 和as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。
让步状语	though, although, even if, even though, as, no matter what, whatever, no matter who, whoever, no matter which, whichever, no matter how, however, no matter when, whenever	as在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式；although和though用正常语序，可和yet连用，但不可和but连用

十二。倒装句

种类	倒装条件	例句
完全倒装	here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away等副词开头的句子表示强调	Out rushed the children.
	表示地点的介词短语作状语位于句首	Under the tree stood two tables and four chairs.
	强调表语，置于句首，或为保持句子平衡	Present at the meeting were 1,000 students.
部分倒装	never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, little, not until, not等表示否定意义的副词放于句首	Hardly did I know what had happened.
	only和修饰的状语放于句首	Only then did he realized the importance of English.
	not only…but also连接并列的句子，前倒后不倒	Not only does he know French, but also he is expert at it.
	neither…nor…连接并列的句子，前后都倒装	Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.
	so…that, such…that中的so或such及修饰的成分放于句首时前倒后不倒	So busy is he that he can not go on a holiday.
	as引导的让步状语	Child as he is, he has learned a lot.
	so, neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事。	He can play the piano. So can i.
	用于表示祝愿的祈使句中	May you be in good health!
	省略if的虚拟条件	Were I you, I would not do it in this way.

十三。虚拟语气

类别	用法		例句
If引导的条件从句	与现在事实相反	从句动词：过去式（be用were）主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形	If he were here, he would help us.
	与过去事实相反	从句动词：had+过去分词主句动词：should/would/could/might+have+过去分词	If I had been free, I would have visited you.
	与将来事实相反	从句动词：过去式 / should+动词原形 / were+不定式主句动词：should/would/could/might+动词原形	If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping.
其它状语从句	as if引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式		They are talking as if they had been friends for years.
	in order that / so that引导的状语从句中动词用can / could / may / might / would等+动词原形		Turn on the light so that we can see it clearly.
宾语从句	demand, suggest, order, insist后接的从句中动词为should+动词原形		He suggested that we not change our mind.
	wish后的从句中分别用过去式，过去完成式和should/would+动词原形表示与现在，过去和将来情况相反		I wish I could be a pop singer.
主语从句	在It is necessary / important / strange that…, It is suggested / demanded / ordered / requested that… 等从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形		It is strange that such a person should be our friends.
其它句型中	It is time that…句型中动词用过去式或should+动词原形		It’s high time that we left.
	would rather所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式		I would rather you stayed at home now.
	If only句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式，表示强烈的愿望		If only our dream had come true!

　　　　　十四。重要句型－－高中高考常考易考句型

1. It was not until midnight that he finished his task.

2. Not until he came back from abroad was I able to see him again.

3. The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.

4. He walked around the house, gun in hand.

5. May you be in good health!

6. Wish you a pleasant journey back home!

7. The professor was a humorous man with big nose and deep-set eyes.

8. What surprised me most was his imagination and patience.

9. He lay on the grass, with his eyes looking at the sky and his hands under his head.

10. Sitting under the tree are Mr. Green and his first teacher.

11. On the wall hang two pictures of famous scientists.

12. Looking back upon those past years, he couldn’t help feeling very proud.

13. No sooner(Hardly) had he arrived at the theatre than(when) the play started.

14. Young as he is, he has learned advanced mathematics.

15. How I regret the hours wasted in the woods and fields!

16. There stands a beautiful vase in the corner of the room.

17. Ten miles north of the town lies a paper factory.

18. There goes the bell.

19. Nowhere has the world ever seen such a bird as here.

20. It is no use crying for help.

21. If only I had been your student in the middle school!

22. It is believed that such a thing will not happen again.

23. Only when he explained did I realize the reason for this.

24. “He works particularly hard.” “So he does, and so do you.”

25. Not only Alice but also Jane and Mary are tired of having one examination after another.

26. Such was Albert Einstein, a simple person of great achievements.

　　　　　　　 十五．动词搭配－－高考易考常考短语动词

1. add to增加，增进

add … to把…加进…

add up相加

add up to总计，所有这一切说明

1) I don't think these facts will ________ anything.

2) Fifty new books have been ________ the library.

3) The music _________ our enjoyment of the film.

4) You must have made a mistake when you _______ the bill ________.

( add up to, added to, add to, added…up )

2. break away from打破，脱离，挣脱，改掉

break down出毛病，身体(精神)衰弱，分解，拆开

break off暂停，中断

break in强行进入，插话

break into闯入

break into pieces成为碎片

break out爆发

break up捣碎，驱散，瓦解，学期结束，拆散

break through突破

1) The criminal managed to break _______ ______ the police and ran into the woods.

2) When he heard the news, he broke _______ and cried.

3) Don't break ________ while others are speaking.

4) Why don't you break ________ for a few minutes and have some coffee?

5) When does school break ________?

6) After harvest we break _________ the soil with a tool pulled by two oxen.

( away from, down, in, off, up, up )

3. bring up抚养，呕吐，提出

bring about造成

bring out拿出，出版

bring in引入，引进，挣钱

bring back使回想起

bring down使下降，使倒下

1) The shopkeeper brought his price _________ to only five dollars.

2) The school has brought _________ new foreign teachers to teach oral English.

3) The song brought ___________ happy memories of our schooldays.

4) Do you know what brought ___________ this misunderstanding?

5) The kind old man agreed to bring __________ the young orphan.

6) We decided to bring the matter ___ at the next meeting.

7) The wind brought _______ a lot of trees last night.

8) Next month they will bring ________ a new edition of the book.

( down, in, back, about, up, up, down, out )

4. call on号召，拜访（某人）

call at拜访、参观（某地）

call for去叫某人, 要求, 需要

call up使回忆起, 征召入伍

call in召集，请某人来

call out大喊，高叫

call off取消，不举行

1) Doctors are often called _____ in the middle of the war.

2) Please wait for me at home. I'll call _______ you at your house at seven tonight.

3) The trains calls _______ several big cities between Beijing and Guangzhou.

4) He called her name __________, but she didn't answer.

5) The sports meet was called ____ on account of the rain.

( in, for, at, out, off)

5. come about发生，出现

come down下跌，落，降，传下来

come in进来

come into (sight/being/existence/use/notice/effect)

come on来临/ 快点

come out出版，结果是

come along一道来，赶快

come to达到 (an end/an agreement/a stop)苏醒，合计，总共是

come over走过来

come up发芽，走近

come across偶然碰到

come back回想起

come from来自，源自

1) I come _________ the book I lent you last month.

2) How did it come _________ that you both got lost? I thought you had a map.

3) It suddenly came _________ to me where I had seen the boy before.

4) Come __________ now, or else we shall be late.

5) He came __________ me like a tiger.

6) The price of petrol has come _________ since the beginning of this year.

7) The word came __________ use many years ago.

8) When the examination result came _________, he had already got a job.

9)The bill came __________ over a thousand dollars.

10) I sowed the seeds over a month ago, but they haven't come __________ yet.

( for, about, back, on, at, down, into, out, to, up )

6. cut across抄近路

cut down砍倒，削减

cut off切断，割掉，断绝关系

cut up连根拔除，切碎

through剪断，凿穿

cut out删（省）掉，戒掉

cut in插嘴

1) Don't cut ___ this tree. It will be very shady in summer.

2) You must cut ________ the number of cigarettes you smoke, or it will cause illness.

3) We decided to cut _________ the moor（旷野） to the village.

4) Cutting the tree ____ means cutting the tree into pieces.

5) The electricity was cut ___________ when the lady refused to pay the bill.

6) We were having a pleasant conversation when Tom cut __________.

（down, down, across, up, off, in ）

7. die of (disease/hunger/grief/old age)死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因）

die from死于（意外事故、情形）

die away渐渐消逝

die out绝种

die down(炉火)渐熄

die off逐一死去

8. fall behind落后

fall over one's feet 跌跤

fall down掉下，跌倒

fall back撤退，后退

1) Babies often fall _____ when they are learning to walk.

2) Our team seems to have fallen __________ the others.

3) As soon as the enemies fell __________, the people returned to their village.

4) She fell__________ the bench and had her leg broken.

（down, behind, back, over ）

9. go in for从事，喜爱，参加

go through通过，经受

go over复习，检查

go up（价格）上涨，建造起来

go after追捕，追赶

go against违反

go ahead先行，开始吧，问吧，说吧

go away离开

go by时间过去

go down下沉，降低，（日、月）西沉

go on(with)继续进行

go with相配，陪同

go without没有，缺少

go out外出，熄灭

go all out全力以赴

go off爆炸，进行，变坏，断电，停止供应

go back on背约，食言

go beyond超出

1) Many new factories have gone __ in the past few years.

2) Rents have gone __________ greatly recently.

3) Many years have gone ___________ since we first met.

4) Let's continue our journey until the sun goes _______.

5) His actions went ___________ the will of the people,

6) I can't do it, for it goes ___________ my duty.

7) Over 100 students went ____________ this entrance examination.

8) The bomb went ____________ and killed ten people.

9) The buyer went ___________ the car carefully before reaching a decision.

10) This tie doesn't go ___________ my blue shirt.

11) If you think you can solve the problem, go ______.

12) Many students went __________ playing basketball.

(up, up, by, down, against, beyond, through, off, over, with, ahead, in for )

10. get down下来，记下，使沮丧

　get down to致力于，专心于

get on进展，进步，穿上，上车

get off脱下,下车

get in收集，插（话）

get away逃跑，逃脱，去休假

get over忘记，越过，克服，从疾病中恢复

get along with进展，相处

get up起床

get through打通电话，完成，通过

get round消息传开

get close to sth. 接近，几乎

get into (trouble)

get to (know)

get back取回，收回

get out

1) She spoke so fast that I couldn't get ____ what he said.

2) We will find ways to get _________ difficulties.

3) The story has got __________, and everyone knows about it.

4) When I get _________ with the report, I'll go to the cinema.

5) After a delicious meal the two men got __________ to business.

6) Don't always get __________ a word when others are speaking.

7) It took me a long time to get ___________ such an unpleasant experience.

(down, over, round, through, down, in, over)

11. give away赠送，泄露，出卖

give out发出，疲劳，分发，公布

give off发出（光、热、气体）

give in (to sb.) 屈服

give up放弃，让（座位）

1) His accent at last gave him __________.

2) The liquid gave ________ a strong smell.

3) The headmaster gave ___________ the names of the prize-winners.

4) The soldiers gave _________ the town to the enemies.

5) Who will help me to give the books ___________?

6) Don't believe in those who give his friends ________.

7) After a long walk, my strength gave ____________.

(away, off, out, up, out, away, out)

12. hand in交上，提交

hand out分发

hand down流传，遗传

13. hang about闲逛

hang up挂电话

14. hold back阻止，隐瞒

hold up举起，使停顿

hold on别挂电话，等，坚持

hold out持续，坚持，伸出

hold down控制，镇压

1) I'm sure he is holding something _________.

2) She managed to hold ______ her emotion until her guests had left. Then she cried.

3) Tell him to hold ________ a moment. I'll come soon.

4) Our food supply won't hold _________ for more than a few days.

5) The train was held ________ as a result of the floods.

6) These measures helped to hold ___________ the city's population.

7) Hold ___________ your left arm, please.

(back, back, on, out, up, down, up)

15. keep up (courage, English, spirits)保持，

keep up with跟上

keep off (grass)不接近，离开

keep away from避开，不接近，离…远远的

keep out of

keep to (rules, promise)坚持，遵守

keep on继续，坚持下来

keep back阻止，留下，隐瞒，扣下

keep from克制，阻止

1) The angry lady told the strangers to keep ________ from her.

2) I can hardly keep ________ my tears after hearing his words.

3) Only pride kept her __________ bursting into tears.

4) I can scarcely keep __________ asking him what he has done.

5) "Don't touch me," screamed the woman, "Keep __________!"

6) Keep _________ until you succeed.

7) Keep _________ your courage, and you'll succeed in the end.

8) The thick coat can keep the cold ___________.

9) Always try to keep ___________ the rules when you play a game.

10) I can't keep ________ with everything you're doing.

(away, back, from, from, off, on, up, out, to, up)

16. knock at/on敲

knock into撞到某人身上

knock down撞倒

knock out of把…敲出

knock over撞倒

knock off停止工作，休息

1) The boxer soon knocked his opponent _________.

2) The office stuff knocks _________ at six every day.

3) Try knocking __________ the window and see if there is anyone indoors.

4) He was so absorbed in his book that he knocked __________ the car parked there.

(down, off, on, into)

17. leave for离开前往

leave out删去，遗漏

leave behind遗留,忘记拿走

leave to留给，遗嘱赠于

leave over遗留，剩下，延期

1) "Whose name has been left __________?" demanded the teacher.

2) When he died, he left all his property _____ his niece.

3) He suddenly realized that he had left his umbrella ___________.

4) Don't leave this matter _________ until tomorrow.

5) Leave some meat ___________ for tomorrow.

6) Those are questions left _________ by history.

(out, to, behind, over, over, over)

18. look up查找，向上看

look through翻阅，浏览

look on旁观

look on…as看作

look into调查

look after/ at / for 照顾/看/寻找

look out(for)当心

look about / around/round四下查看

look down upon瞧不起

look back upon回忆，回顾

look ab. up and down仔细打量某人

look ab in the face/eyes直视某人

1) I spent two hours looking ______ the students' papers.

2)Look _______! There is a big hole in front.

3) He took part in the game, and the rest of us just looked ______ and cheered for him.

4) The old man looked _____ upon the days of his youth.

5) She was so snobbish（势利）that she looked __________ upon all his nei***ours.

6) The police promised to look __________ the case as soon as possible.

7) He looked __________ but saw nobody, and he listened but hear nothing.

(through, out, on, back, down, into, about/around/round)

19. make up编造，配制，打扮，组成

make up for弥补

make into / of / from 制成

make out弄懂，发现，看出,填写，开列（清单）

make for走向，驶往，促使

1) Can you make this length of cloth __________ a suit?

2) I asked the driver if he was making ___________ London?

3) My father made __________ a check for me to buy the camera.

4) We must make the loss _________ next week./ He tried hard to make ________ for

the damage he had done.

5) He made __________ a story, which I found hard to believe.

6) Someone is coming, but I can't make ___________ who it is.

(into, for, out, up/up, up, out)

20. pass away去世

pass by经过

pass down(on)…to传给

pass through经历

pass over漠视，忽视

1) The old clock has been passed ________ to me from my grandfather's grandfather.

2) The man passed ___________ last week in peace.

3) We are passing ____________ difficult times.

4) The secretary passed ___________ the details in the first part of his report.

(down, away, through, over)

21. pay back还钱，报复

pay for付钱，为…受到惩罚，因…得到报应

pay off还清

1) How much did you pay __________ the dictionary?

2) You should pay _________ the money you borrowed from me.

3) I'll pay him ____________ for all his crimes(罪行) against me.

4) Some day, you'll pay __________ what you have done today.

5) Has she pay ____________ the debt yet?

（for, back, back, for, off）

22. pick up拾起，获得(information)，接人，站起，收听，自然习得(language

/knowledge)，恢复重获(pick up health)

pick out挑选，辨认，看出

1) I picked the information __________ while waiting in the queue.

2) My friend has arranged to pick me _________ at 6:00.

3) The patient has picked _________ health during the last two weeks.

4) She picked _______ the most expensive pair of shoes.

5) I can't pick John ___________ in the crowd.

6) Can I pick __________ VOA with this short-wave radio?

7) He fell down suddenly, but picked himself ___________ quickly.

(up, up, up, out, out, up, up)

pick cotton/flower/leaves/words选词

23. put up搭起，张贴，举起，安装，投宿，安排住下

put up with忍受

put out伸出，扑灭

put off推迟

put into放进，翻译

put away放好，存钱

put down记下，平息

put on穿戴，上映，增加(put on weight/speed)

put forward 提出，提前

put through 接通电话

put aside放到一边

put back放回

1) He put _________ half his wage every week.

2) The government soon put __________ the revolt（暴乱）.

3) Put your watch __________. It's slow.

4) He put __________ his hand for me to shake.

5). Please put me __________ to Extension（分机）2.

6) We put ___________ for night at the village inn.

7) He is very proud, and he often put _________ airs.（摆架子）

8) We had a telephone put _____________ in our office.

9) I can't put __________ with your laziness.

(away, down, forward, out, through, up, on, up, up)

24. pull down拆掉，推翻 pull on匆匆穿上 / off 脱

pull in进站 pull out取出,(火车)离站

pull down往下拉,拆毁 pull over驶到一边

pull through恢复健康,渡过难关,脱离险境 pull up（使）停住

1) The train slowly pulled __________ and disappeared in the distance.

2) All the old houses here have now been pulled ______, and new ones are to be built.

3) The car pulled _________ when I blew the horn.

4) The doctor thinks the man will pull __________.

5) The driver pulled ________ at the traffic lights.

(out, down, over, through, up)

25. push over推倒，刮倒

push ahead(on, forward)继续前进，坚持下去

push through排除困难办好谋事，努力设法通过，挤过

1) We've decided to push __________ with our plan to build a new road

2) Many trees were pushed __________ in the hurricane.

3) They were determined to push the new rules ________ at any cost..

4) Take care not to push the baby _________.

5) They pushed ___________ the crowd and at last reached us.

(on, over, through, over, through )

26. run across偶然碰到 run after追逐，追捕

run away逃跑 run for竞选

run into偶然碰到（困难）遇见（人），相撞

run out of用完

1) If you drive so fast, you'll run _________ someone some day.

2) I ran __________ a friend of mine in the exhibition.

3) Our water has run __________. Can you fill up some more bottles?

4) Why do you always run __________ adventure?

5) He didn't want to run ___________ president that year.

6) In that way you will only run __________ difficulties.

( into, across/into, out, after, for, into)

27. see off送行

see through看透，识破

see to照料，照管

28. send for派人去请

send off送行

send out发出（光亮）等

send up发射

29. set up建立

set off出发，触发，引起

set out动身，着手(to do)，陈述

set about开始着手(doing)

set to work(n.)开始做

set back拨回，使推迟

1) I shall set my watch ___________ by five minutes.

2) We set __________ reading the text aloud immediately the bell rang.

3) We set _________ at daybreak yesterday and we've been travelling ever since then.

4) I set __________ to advise him not to drink.

5) What were the reasons he set ___________ in his report?

6) The president set __________ a special group of soldiers to guard him.

7) The unpopular law set _________ a series of protests.（抗议）

(back, about, off/out, out, out, up, off)

30. take off脱掉，起飞 take on呈现雇佣

take away拿走 take in吸收，领会

take up从事，占用（时间空间）

take down记录，取下 take back收回

take for误认为 take along随身带

take over接管 take out

1) I take _________ all I said about his dishonesty.

2) He went to the shelf and took __________ a book of poems.

3) At first I took him _________ a doctor.

4) I can see that most of you have taken ________ everything that the teacher taught.

5) Bill has now taken __________ his father's business.

6) My job takes __________ most of my time.

7) The boss took ____________ twenty people for his new company.

(back, down, for, in, over, up, on)

take charge of负责, take sth. for granted想当然, take hold of抓住, take pride in以… ……为自豪, take the place of, 代替take turns to do轮流做, take office就职

31. think of想起 think of…as把…看作

think out想出 think up想出

think about考虑 think over仔细考虑

think well of sb. 对某人看法好

32. turn off / on打开

turn over翻身，反复考虑，翻（书页），翻转

turn out证明为，结果，制造成品

turn to转向，求助

turn down调低，拒绝

turn against变得敌视，反对

turn away打发走，驱逐，转过脸去

turn back返回，转回去

turn round转过身来

turn up向上翻，露面，出现，音量调大

turn in上缴

turn upside down把倒置，弄得乱七八糟

1) The child turned __________ its mother for comfort.

2) Turn ___________ and let me see your face.

3) However much he turned the problem ________ in mind, he could find no satisfactory solution.

4) The English evening party turned _________ a great success.

5) The sight of the accident was too much for her to bear, and she turned _______.

6) The football stadium was full, and many people had to be turned __________.

7) The army turned him ___________ on account of (因为) his poor health.

8) She turned the whole house ___________ in her search for her missing purse.

9) Where did your purse turn ____________? I found it in the snow.

10) The villagers suddenly turned __________ the foreigners who lived nearby.

11) The factory turns ____________ 2000 new cars last year.

(to, round, over, out, away, away, down, upside down, up, against, out)

听力中常出现的日常习惯用语

1) take a rain check 延期

2) lost count 弄不清楚

3) be in another world 精神恍惚;魂不守舍

4) make yourself at home 随意，随便

5) save your breath 省口气吧;别白费口舌了

6) make sense 有意义，理解

7) cost sb. an arm and a leg 非常昂贵

8) burn a hole in one's pocket 很快地被花光

9)fill one's shoes 很好地顶替;令人满意地替代

10)is ice cold 表示理所当然

11)like apples and oranges 用来表示无法相比的事物

12)wait until the last minute 直到最后一刻

13)lose one's train of 忘记

14)meet each other half way 相互妥协，让步

15)on the dot 准时;正点

16)once and for all 最后一次;干脆

17)out of earshot 不在听力所及范围

18)out of this world 非常好

19)play by ear 随机应变，视情形而定

20) ring a bell 令人想起某件事;听起来耳熟

21)share a common outlook 有共同的观点

22)six of one and half-a-dozen of the other 半斤八两;没什么区别

23)stick around 在附近逗留或等待

24)stick with 继续做，坚持

25)straighten out 扯平;结清

26)toss and turn (身体)翻来覆去(通常表示难以入睡)

27)turn one's back (在别人遇到困难时)不愿帮助

28)under the weather 身体不适，生病

29)bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼不烂;心有余而力不足;不自量力;力不从心

30)break new ground 创新

31)do the trick 做成功;达到理想的结果

32)drag one's feet 行动缓慢;磨磨蹭蹭不情愿

33)draw the line 拒绝，拒不容忍

34)feel down in the dumps 心情不好;情绪低落

35)few and far between 不多;少而分散的;不常碰到或发现的;稀少的

36)fit as a fiddle 身体很健康

37)grin and bear 任劳任怨;毫无怨言地忍受

38)hit the spot (特指吃了食物，喝了饮料之后)精神完全恢复过来或感到满足;恢复精力;提精神

39)keep between the two of us 不让第三者知道，保密

40)know a thing or two about 略知一二

你会用英语吵架吗？（学会99句，走遍全世界）

You make me sick! 你真让我恶心！
2. What’s wrong with you? 你怎么回事？
3. I’m very disappointed. 真让我失望。
4. Go to hell. 去死吧。
5. You’re a jerk! 你是个废物/混球！
6. Don’t talk to me like that! 别那样和我说话!
7. Who do you think you are? 你以为你是谁？
8. What’s your problem? 你怎么回事啊？
9. I hate you! 我讨厌你！
10. I don’t want to see your face! 我不愿再见到你！
11. You’re crazy! 你疯了!
12. Are you insane/crazy/out of your mind? 你疯了吗？
13. Don’t bother me. 别烦我。
14. Knock it off. 少来这一套。
15. Get out of my face. 从我面前消失！
16. Leave me alone. 走开。
17. Get lost.滚开！
18. Take a hike! 哪儿凉快哪儿歇着去吧。
19. You piss me off. 你气死我了。
20. It’s none of your business. 关你屁事！
21. What’s the meaning of this? 这是什么意思？
22. How dare you! 你敢！
23. Cut it out. 省省吧。
24. You stupid jerk! 你这蠢*！
25. You have a lot of nerve. 脸皮真厚。
26. I’m fed up. 我厌倦了。
27. I can’t take it anymore. 我受不了了！
28. I’ve had enough of your garbage. 我听腻了你的废话。
29. Shut up! 闭嘴！
30. What do you want? 你想怎么样？
31. Do you know what time it is? 你知道现在都几点吗？
32. What were you thinking? 你脑子进水啊？
33. How can you say that? 你怎么可以这样说？
34. Who says? 谁说的？
35. That’s what you think! 那才是你脑子里想的！
36. Don’t look at me like that. 别那样看着我。
37. What did you say? 你说什么？
38. You are out of your mind. 你脑子有毛病！
39. You make me so mad.你气死我了啦。
40. Drop dead. 去死吧！
41. Don’t give me your shoot. 别跟我胡扯。
42. Don’t give me your excuses/ No more excuses. 别找借口。
43. Nonsense! 鬼话！
44. You’re a pain in the ass. 你这讨厌鬼。
45. You’re an asshole. 你这缺德鬼。
46. You asked for it. 你自找的。
47. Get over yourself. 别自以为是。
48. You’re nothing to me. 你对我什么都不是。
49. It’s not my fault. 不是我的错。
50. You look guilty. 你看上去心虚。
51. I can’t help it. 我没办法。
52. That’s your problem. 那是你的问题。
53. I don’t want to hear it. 我不想听！
54. Get off my back. 少跟我罗嗦。
55. Give me a break. 饶了我吧。
56. Who do you think you’re talking to? 你以为你在跟谁说话？
57. Look at this mess! 看看这烂摊子！
58. You’re so careless. 你真粗心。
59. Why on earth didn’t you tell me the truth? 你到底为什么不跟我说实话？
60. I’m about to explode! 我肺都快要气炸了！
61. What a stupid idiot! 真是白痴一个！
62. I’m not going to put up with this! 我再也受不了啦！
63. I never want to see your face again! 我再也不要见到你！
64. That’s terrible. 真糟糕！
65. Just look at what you’ve done! 看看你都做了些什么！
66. I wish I had never met you. 我真后悔这辈子遇到你！
67. You’re a disgrace. 你真丢人！
68. I’ll never forgive you! 我永远都不会饶恕你！
69. Don’t nag me! 别在我面前唠叨！
70. I’m sick of it. 我都腻了。
71. Don’t you dare come back again! 你敢再回来！
72. Stop screwing/ fooling/ messing around! 别鬼混了！
73. Mind your own business! 管好你自己的事！
74. You’re just a good for nothing bum! 你真是一个废物！/ 你一无是处！
75. You’ve gone too far! 你太过分了！
76. I loathe you! 我讨厌你！
77. I detest you! 我恨你！
78. Get the hell out of here! 滚开!
79. Don’t be that way! 别那样！
80. Can’t you do anything right? 成事不足，败事有余。
81. You’re impossible. 你真不可救药。
82. Don’t touch me! 别碰我！
83. Get away from me! 离我远一点儿！
84. Get out of my life. 我不愿再见到你。/ 从我的生活中消失吧。
85. You’re a joke! 你真是一个小丑！
86. Don’t give me your attitude. 别跟我摆架子。
87. You’ll be sorry. 你会后悔的。
88. We’re through. 我们完了！
89. Look at the mess you’ve made! 你搞得一团糟！
90. You’ve ruined everything. 全都让你搞砸了。
91. I can’t believe your never. 你好大的胆子！
92. You’re away too far. 你太过分了。
93. I can’t take you any more! 我再也受不了你啦！
94. I’m telling you for the last time! 我最后再告诉你一次！
95. I could kill you! 我宰了你！
96. That’s the stupidest thing I’ve ever heard!

那是我听到的最愚蠢的事！　　(比尔·盖茨常用)
97. I can’t believe a word you say. 我才不信你呢!
98. You never tell the truth！你从来就不说实话！
99. Don’t push me ! 别逼我！

英语名言

1. A bold attempt is half success．大胆的尝试等于一半成功。

2. A contented mind is a perpetual feast．知足常乐。

3. A contented mind is always rich．知足常富。

4. A life without a friend is a life without a sun．人生没有朋友，犹如人生没有太阳。

5. Action speak louder than words．行动比语言更响亮。／行动胜于言词。

6. Adversity is a good disciPline．逆境成才。

7. Adversity leads to prosperity．逆境是通向成功之路。

8. A good beginning is half the battle．良好的开端等于成功的一半。

9. A good example is the best sermon．身教重于言教。

10. A life without a purpose is a ship without srudder．人生无目的，犹如船失舵。

11. A little(small)leak will sink a great ship．千丈之堤溃于蚁穴。

12. All are not friends that speak us fair．说我们好话的未必都是朋友。

13. All is not gold that glitters．闪光的未必皆是金子。

14. All roads lead tO Rome．条条道路通罗马。

15. All things are difficult before they are easy．万事开头难。

16. All things are easy to industry；all things difficult to sloth．勤劳诸事易，懒惰万事难。

17. All things will come round to him who will but wait．只要耐心等待，一切都会如期到来。

18. An eye finds more truth than two ears．百闻不如一见。

19. An idle youth，a needy age．少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

20. An inch in a miss is as good as an ell．为山九仞，功亏一溃。

21. A stitch in time saves nine． 亡羊补牢，贵在及时。

22. A true friend is known in the day of adversity．苦难才能看出真正的朋友。

23. Birds of a feather flock together． 一丘之貉。

24. Oil and water don't mix． 水火不相容。

25. Believe not all that you see nor half what you hear．过耳之言，未可尽信。

26. Better early than late．宁早勿迟。

27. Be slow choosing a friend；slower in chaning．择友宜慎，弃友更宜慎。

28. Better be the head of an ass than the tail of a horse．宁为鸡头，不为凤尾。

29. Out of sight，out of mind． 眼不见心不烦。

30. Bitter pills may have wholesome effects．良药苦口利于病。

31. Business is business．公事公办。

32. Business before pleasure．先苦后甜／先办正事。

33. By uniting we stand；by dividing we fall．团结则昌，分裂则亡。

34. Care and diligence bring luck．细心勤奋，幸福之本。

35. Character iS the first and last word in the success．品德是成功的决定因素。

36. Complacency is the root of loss,and modesty is the cause of gain. 满招损，谦受益。

37. Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success．自信是向成功之路迈开的第一步。

38. Conquer the desires，or they will conquer you． 人不克制欲望，欲望就克制人。

39. Constant dropping wears away a stone．只要功夫深，铁杵磨成针。／水滴石穿。

40. Do as you would be done by． 己所不欲，勿施于人。

41. Difficulties strengthen the mind，as labour does the boby. 劳动锻炼身体，困难锻炼意志。

42. Don’t put off till tomorrow what should be done today． 今日事，今日毕。

43. Don’t put the cart before the horse．不要本末倒置。

44. Early start makes easy stages． 早点着手，事易成功。

45. Easier said than done．说起来容易做起来难。

46. Error of the past is the wisdom and success of the future．前车之覆，后车之鉴。

47. Every man has his faults．金无足赤，人无完人。

48. Every little make a nickle．积少成多／积沙成塔。

49. Example is better than precept．言传不如身教。

50. Failure iS the mother of sucess．失败是成功之母。

51. Few words，many deeds．少说多干。

52. Friendship multiplies joys and divides griefs． 友谊可以增添欢乐，减轻悲伤。

53. Fortune never helps the man whose courage fails．运气永远不会帮助没有勇气的人。

54. Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety—nine percent perpiration．天才是一分灵感加九十九分血汗。

55. Great works are performed not by strength but by perseverance．成大事不是靠力量大小，而是靠坚忍不拔。

56. He is the wise man who is the honest man．老实人才是聪明人。

57. He laughs best who laughs last．谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。

58. He who does not advance falls backward．不进则退。

59. He who has an art，has everywhere a part． 人有一技在身，到处都可立足。

60. Hope is life and life is hope． 希望才有人生，人生要有希望。

61. In doing we learn．边干边学／认识源于实践。

62. It is a good horse that never stumbles．人有失手，马有失蹄。

63. Knowledge is power．知识就是力量。

64. Knowledge makes humble；ignorance makes proud． 知识使人谦虚；无知使人骄傲。

65. Knowledge advances by steps not by leaps． 学习只能循序渐进，不能一蹴而就。 Look before you leap；see before you go． 三思而后行。

66. Lost wealth can be replaced by industry，lost knowledge by study，lost health by temperance or medicine，but lost time is gone forever．失去的财富可由勤奋而恢复，失去的知识可由学习而恢复，失去的健康可由节制或药物而恢复，但失去的时间一去永不复返。

67. Man proposes，God disposes． 谋事在人，成事在天。

68. Great minds think alike． 英雄所见略同。

69. Money answers all things． 金钱万能(反面引用)。

70. Money makes the mare go． 有钱能使鬼推磨。

71. Money is a bottomless sea，in which honour，conscience，and truth may be d rowned．金钱是无底的海洋，荣誉、良心和真理都可以淹没在其中。

72. More haste，less speed． 欲速则不达。

73. Necessity is the mother of invention．需要是发明之母。

74. Never do things by halves． 凡事不可半途而废。

75. Neverjudge from appearance．人不可貌相。

76. Never put off till tomorrow what may be done today．今日事，今日毕。

77. No man is wise at all times． 智者千虑，必有一失。

78. No practice，no gains in one's wit．实践出真知。

79. Nothing is difficult to a man who wills． 世上无难事，只怕有心人。

80. One false step will make a great difference，失之毫厘，谬以千里。

81. Pay somebody back in his own coin． 以其人之道，还治其人之身。

82. Patience and application will carry us through．忍耐和勤勉会使我们渡过难关。 Repetition is the mother of konwledge．反复学习是知识之源。

83. Seek the truth from facts．实事求是。

84. Standers—by see more than gamesters．当局者迷，旁观者清。

85. Strike while the iron is hot． 趁热打铁。

86. Still waters have deep bottoms．静水流深。

87. Take time when time comes lest time steal away． 机不可失，时不再来。

88. Take things as they are．随遇而安。

89. The first wealth is health． 健康是最重要的财富。

90. There is no royal road to learning．学习是没有捷径的。

91. The course of true love never did run smooth．真正的爱情总是要经受波折的。

92. The secret of success is constancy of purpose．成功之秘诀在于目标坚定不移。 Think much，speak little，and write less．勤思考，寡发言，少落笔。

93. To a crazy ship all winds are contrary．对于一只漫无目标的船来说，不论什么方向的风都是逆风。

94. Too much humility is pride．过分谦逊就是骄傲。

95. Well begun is half done．良好的开端等于成功的一半。

96. The people who get on this world are the people who get up and look for ci rcumstances they want， and if they cannot find them，make them．在这个世界上取得成功的人，是那些努力寻找他们想要的机会的人，如果找不到机会，人们就自己创造机会。

97. The most tragic blow for one is the death of his mind．哀莫大于心死。

98. He who does not have a strong will can never achieve high intelligence 不强者智不达。

99. When Heaven is about to place a great burden on a man，it always tests his resolution first， exhausts his body and makes him suffer great hardships，frustrates his efforts to recover from mental lassitude．Then Heaven toughens his nature and makes good his deficiencies．天将降大任于斯人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。

100. How can a sparrow know the will of a swan? 燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉!

101. Among three people I meet on the way，there will be at least ont from whom I can learn something． I may follow his goodness or correct my own mistakes by learning from him．三人行必有我师焉。择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。

102. Education should be for all，irrespective of their social status，有教无类。

103. Too many cooks spoil the broth．厨师多坏一锅汤。

104. A friend in need is a friend in deed. 患难见真交。

105. I We would rather be short of books than believe all that they say。尽信书则不如无书。

106. I Long as the way is I will keep on searching above and below. 路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。

107. When a book is read a hundred times，its meanings will naturally become clea r. 读书百遍，其义自见。

108. He owns a gifted pen，who reads tremendously. 读书破万卷，下笔如有神。

109. A gentleman would rather be quick in action than talk a lot. 君子欲讷于言而敏于行。

110. Do not do evil things though they may be insignincant．Do not given up good things though they may be minor matters．勿以恶小而为之，勿以善小而不为。

111. One must stand by one's words and must not stop one's action until success is achieved．言必信，行必果。

112. Never do to others what you would not like them to do to you．己所不欲，勿施于人。

113. To surpass others，a person has to surpass himself first；to criticise others，he has to criticise himself first；to make comments upon others，he has to make comments on himself first. 欲胜人者，必先自胜；欲论人者，必先自论；欲知人者，必先自知。

114. Where there's smoke，there's fire． 无风不起浪。

115. Where there’s a will，there’s a way． 有志者事竟成。

No fish can survive if the watert is too clean. For the same reason,no company can bear one whose requirements are too critical．水至清则无鱼，人至察则无徒。

　　　　　 高考各科知识点

数学
语文
英语
物理
生物
化学
政治
地理
历史

· 先秦
· 秦汉
· 三国两晋南北朝
· 隋唐
· 五代十国辽宋夏金元
· 明清
· 中国近代现代史解读
· 旧民主主义革命时期
· 半殖半封社会完全形成
· 半殖半封社会的深化
· 新民主主主义革命时期
· 新中国成立
· 社会主义初级阶段
· 资本主义时代
· 自由资本主义时代
· 垄断时代的资本主义
· 一战后到二战前世界
· 二战后的世界
· 必修1（政治文明史）
· 必修2（经济史）
· 必修3（文化史）

2011高考英语必背：提高写作分数的88个词组

　　1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy
　　2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard
　　3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
　　4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
　　5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that…
　　6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development
　　7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention
　　8.不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…
　　9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate
　　10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue
　　11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument
　　12.一些人 …而另外一些人 … Some people… while others…
　　13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,
　　14.就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on…
　　15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons
　　16.双方的论点 argument on both sides
　　17.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…
　　18.对…必不可少 be indispensable to …
　　19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:
　　20.…也不例外 …be no exception
　　21.对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…
　　22.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
　　23.导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in
　　24.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon
　　25.责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
　　26. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation
　　27. 开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision
　　28.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills
　　29.经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden
　　30.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration
　　31. 从另一个角度 from another perspective
　　32.做出共同努力 make joint efforts
　　33. 对…有益 be beneficial / conducive to…
　　34.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society
　　35.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for…
　　36.综合素质 comprehensive quality
　　37.无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach
　　39.致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to…
　　40. 应当承认 Admittedly,
　　41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty
　　42. 满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of…
　　43.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information
　　44.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources
　　45.因特网 the Internet (一定要由冠词，字母I 大写)
　　46.方便快捷 convenient and efficient
　　47.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life
　　48.环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly
　　49.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress
　　50.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology
　　51.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue
　　52.支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in fovor of the former/ latteropinion
　　53.有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence
　　54.在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way
　　55. 理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice
　　56. …必然趋势 an irresistible trend of…
　　57.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition
　　58.眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest
　　59.长远利益. interest in the long run
　　60.…有其自身的优缺点 … has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages
　　61.扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones
　　62.取其精髓，取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs。
　　63.对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to
　　64.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information
　　65.跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …
　　66.采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth
　　67.…的健康发展 the healthy development of …
　　68.有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides。
　　No garden without weeds。
　　69.对…观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person。
　　70.重视 attach great importance to…
　　71.社会地位 social status
　　72.把时间和精力放在…上 focus time and energy on…
　　73.扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge
　　74.身心两方面 both physically and mentally
　　75.有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to…
　　76. 提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal
　　77. 可以取代 “think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that
　　78.缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress/ burden
　　79.优先考虑/发展… give (top) priority to sth。
　　80.与…比较 compared with…/ in comparison with
　　81. 相反 in contrast / on the contrary。
　　82.代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of
　　83.经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water
　　84.提供就业机会 offer job opportunities
　　85. 社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress
　　86.毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…
　　87.增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding
　　88.充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of

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